Question+3+Victims+of+schools

VIctims from PM: pg 16 - Rural teachers vs. communtity pg 56 - Rural, poor no high schools (Act of 1842 - 50 family rule) pg 181 - Ethnic groups, not a good fit for some ethnic groups. Trying to Americanize. pg 189 - IQ testing, many immigrants did poorly on tests, they were unintentional, Blacks and Italians. pg 212-
 * Question 3 - Tyack views a number of groups as victims of schooling, but in his view no one is guilty of victimizing them. Who are these groups? In your estimation are they all victims to the same degree? How does Tyack account for their victimization? Do you agree they are victims without crimes? **

Tyack: Part 5 – Victims without crimes – page 217 Groups discussed:
 * Urban vs. Rural
 * Blacks
 * Protestants vs. Catholics
 * Germans
 * Irish and Italians
 * Immigrants
 * Females
 * Child labor and Educational Reform
 * IQ testing
 * Vocational school students and their role in industrialized society
 * Elites vs commoners.
 * Women as teachers

Other readings:

David Tyack and Robert Lowe, “The Constitutional Moment: Reconstruction and Black Education in the South,” //American Journal of Education// (February 1986): 236-256 Readings on teaching German in St. Louis and Milwaukee; “Twenty-First Annual Report of the Board of Directors of the St. Louis Public Schools for the year ending August 1, 1875. School Board debate about the teaching of German in public schools. Debate between Germans, Protestants, and Irish on school board (Germans won!) Cubberley, Ellwood. Public Education in the United States 1919. "Battle for Free State Schools" pp. 120-123 (p 121 #7) Hoffman, Nancy Woman's "True" Profession: Voices from the History of Teaching. 2nd edition Harvard Education Press, 2003.

Other notes:

Mark and I discussed that Principals were also victims....they were the victims of Ward boards...